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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク History of Native Americans in the United States ： ウィキペディア英語版 History of Native Americans in the United States The history of Native Americans in the United States began in the Pre-Columbian era with the settlement of the Americas by the Paleo-Indians. Anthropologists have identified and studied a wide variety of cultures that existed during this era. Their subsequent contact with Europeans profoundly impacted the history. ==Settlement of the Americas== According to the most generally accepted theory of the settlement of the Americas, migrations of humans from Eurasia to the Americas took place via Beringia, a land bridge which connected the two continents across what is now the Bering Strait. The number and composition of the migrations is still being debated.〔Ehlers, J., and P.L. Gibbard, 2004a, ''Quaternary Glaciations: Extent and Chronology 2: Part II North America'', Elsevier, Amsterdam. ISBN 0-444-51462-7.〕 Falling sea levels associated with an intensive period of Quaternary glaciation created the Bering land bridge that joined Siberia to Alaska about 60,000–25,000 years ago.〔 The latest this migration could have taken place is 12,000 years ago; the earliest remains undetermined.〔Dyke A.S. & Prest V.K. (1986). ''Late Wisconsinian and Holocene retreat of the Larentide ice sheet: Geological Survey of Canada Map'' 1702A〕 Three major migrations occurred, as traced by linguistic and genetic data; the early Paleoamericans soon spread throughout the Americas, diversifying into many hundreds of culturally distinct nations and tribes.〔Dickason, Olive. ''Canada's First Nations: A History of the Founding Peoples from the Earliest Times''. 2nd edition. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1997.〕〔Native American populations descend from three key migrations http://phys.org/news/2012-07-native-american-populations-descend-key.html〕 By 8000 BCE the North American climate was very similar to today's.〔J. Imbrie and K.P.Imbrie, ''Ice Ages: Solving the Mystery'' (Short Hills, NJ: Enslow Publishers) 1979.〕 A study published in 2012 gives genetic backing to the 1986 theory put forward by linguist Joseph Greenberg that the Americas must have been populated in three waves, based on language differences. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of Native Americans in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.